Full name/Mohammed Musaad Alshalhoub ID/ 215110313/ 421 Date/2nd November
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Tropical cyclones
Tropical cyclones are those rotating storms that start over warm tropical waters and are accompanied by low atmospheric pressure, heavy rain and high winds. They derive their energy from the sea and maintain their power as long as they are above warm water. This mixture of water and high winds makes cyclones extremely hazard for coastal regions in tropical and subtropical regions in the world. Tropical cyclones rotate anticlockwise in the Northern Hemisphere. They are less known in the south of the Equator because vertical wind hinders tropical depressions and smaller storms there from developing into cyclones. Thus tropical denotes the geographical location of these cyclones that form over tropical waters. The word Cyclone indicates that their winds whirl around their central eye. Tropical cyclones are classified according to wind speeds near the canter into six types as follows: tropical depression, tropical storm, severe tropical storm, typhoon, severe typhoon and super typhoon.
The first type is a tropical depression, which forms an area of low pressure, is escorted by thunderstorms. These thunderstorms create a circular wind with highest winds below 39 mph, which is called a tropical cyclone. A tropical depression is originated when the lowered pressure appears and the organized circulation in the middle of the thunderstorm complex takes place. The second type is the tropical storm which is a tropical cyclone accompanied with strong winds of over 39 miles per hour. However, its intensity is less than the hurricane. A promotion to a tropical storm happens when the circulation changes to be more disciplined and highest nonstop winds originate nearly above 39 mph and less than 73 mph.
The third type of tropical cyclones is a severe tropical storm, which is the hurricane. A tropical storm upgrades into hurricane status as maximum sustained winds increase from 74 mph to 95 mph. The intensity of the hurricane is greater than that of the tropical storm. This tropical cyclone is a complex storm system which forms above the water and moves towards the land. High winds, storm surge, heavy rainfall, coastal and inland flooding, as well as tornadoes accompany it. This large storm is very destructive. The fourth type is a typhoon, which is a hurricane happening especially in the area of the Philippines or the China Sea. Typhoon develops because of the monsoon trough. Also, if winds upward become acceptable with little wind clip, showers and storms might become many causes a typhoon to start. Monsoon leads to many typhoons to grow in the area of western North Pacific Ocean.
The fifth type is the severe typhoon. A severe typhoon is a typhoon with more intensity and its supportive wind speed is from 150 to 184 km/h. Severe typhoon happens in the north-western Pacific Ocean, and in the Indian Ocean. The last type of the tropical cyclones is super typhoon that is a storm accompanied with wind moves at least 150 miles per hour. Super Typhoon Haiyan, that overwhelmed the Philippines, was the strongest super typhoon to ever occurred.
In conclusion, tropical cyclones are low-pressure systems which originate over warm tropical waters and have wind force in the centre. All the types of these cyclones refer to their dangerous effects in water and on land. These severe storms are so destructive to the regions they reach. The intensity of the wind and its speed determine the type of the tropical cyclones. The least hazardous cyclone is tropical depression and the most severe one is super typhoon.
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