The relationship between substrate concentration and the initial reaction rate of an enzyme catalyzed reaction is significantly affected by the pH level of the solution with the optimum level being a pH of 7 in which the most products are formed. The relationship is somewhat linear until the reaction rate reaches the saturation level which is between 2g and 4g. At this point, enzyme molecules reach the maximum rate they combine with the substrate causing a reduced effect if substrate concentrations increase.
The maximum initial reaction rate for this enzyme at a pH of 7 is 350×106 molecules of product formed per minute. This quantity is reached at the saturation level which is between 2g and 4g.
At low substrate concentrations, there are not enough substrates molecules to temporarily combine with every enzyme and reach the maximum initial reaction rate. An excess number of enzymes would remain at low substrate concentrations.
The date indicates the optimum pH level for this enzyme-catalyzed reaction is pH 7. At this pH, these enzyme molecules work at the highest efficiency compared to other pH levels.
Temperature-regulating mechanisms in organisms are extremely important for the proper functioning of the human body. Small changes in temperature can cause significant changes to enzyme catalyzed reactions as well as all other parts of the body. A decrease in temperature would result in a decrease in the kinetic motion of enzyme molecules, resulting in less collisions with substrates, reducing the reaction rate. An increase in temperature up to 40 degrees Celsius would result in an increase in the kinetic motion of enzyme molecules, resulting in more collisions with the substrates, increasing the reaction rate. A temperature over 40 degrees Celsius could cause proteins such as enzymes to denature, hindering its biological functions. Organisms can also use its temperature-regulating mechanisms to its advantage in some situations. A fever for example can be produced by raising the body temperature if there is a need to slow or kill certain cells or reactions.
